منابع مشابه
Organic nitrogen in rain and aerosol in the eastern Mediterranean atmosphere: An association with atmospheric dust
[1] From March through early May of 2000, rain and bulk aerosol samples were collected at a coastal site on the eastern Mediterranean Sea at Erdemli, Turkey, and analyzed for nitrogen (N) species, including nitrate (NO3 ), nitrite (NO2 ), ammonium (NH4 ), watersoluble organic N, urea, and dissolved free amino acids. Other ions were also analyzed, including Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cl , and SO4 2 . Water-...
متن کاملTropical Rain Classification and Estimation of Rain from Z-r (reflectivity-rain Rate) Relationships
A Z-R relation is derived using a data set which consists of nine rain events selected from Singapore’s drop size distribution. Rain events are separated into convective and stratiform types of rain using two methods: the Gamache-Houze method, a simple threshold technique, and the Atlas-Ulbrich method. In the Atlas-Ulbrich method, the variability of the rain integral parameters R, Z, Nw, D0 and...
متن کاملSoil loss and runoff generation in rangeland, rain-fed and abandoned rain-fed agriculture land-uses under simulated rainfall
Soil erosion is a global challenge, seriously threatening soil and water resources andenvironmental qualities. One of the important factors to consider in the process of runoffgeneration and soil erosion is the physical and chemical properties of soils under differentland-uses. The aim of this study is to estimate soil erosion and runoff in rangeland, rain-fedand abandoned rain-fed agriculture ...
متن کاملDust storms and ephemeral lakes
In drylands, both dust storms and ephemeral salt lakes (playas) are common. Observations using remote sensing and ground studies have shown that these playas can be major sources of saline dust storms. Some basins have recently become desiccated as a result of water abstraction by humans, and these have become significant sources of dust. The timing and amounts of dust emissions depends on such...
متن کاملAcid Rain
Pure water has a pH of 7.0 (neutral); however, natural, unpolluted rainwater actually has a pH of about 5.6 (acidic).[Recall from Experiment 1 that pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration.] The acidity of rainwater comes from the natural presence of three substances (CO2, NO, and SO2) found in the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere). As is seen in Table I, carbon dio...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Geoscience
سال: 2012
ISSN: 1752-0894,1752-0908
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1442